Carbureter.



N9. 683,232. I Patented Sept. 24, I901. J. STUBBERS.

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Patented Se'pt. 24,1901.

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.IOSEPH STUBBER-S, OF OOVINGTON, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO THE INCAN-DESCENT LIGHT AND STOVE COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

CARBURETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 683,232, datedSeptember 24, 1901. Application filed April 20, 1900. Serial No. 13,631.(No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH STUBBERS, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of the city of Covington, in the county of Kenton and Stateof Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Generators for Illuminating Purposes, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates principally to improvements on gas-machines wheregas is generated by heat, and air mixed with the gas by means ofentraining air into a mixing-tube by the force of the gas. As it isdesirable to mix a large quantity of air with the gas when this gas isused for heating a VVelsbach or similar mantle to a point ofincandescencej it is desirable to have considerable pressure on the gas,as the amount of air mixed with the gas depends largely on the forcewith which it is delivered from the needle-opening. It is also desirableto have a uniform pressure, for if the pressure varied the quantity ofgas at one time would when the pressure was weak not fill the mantle, orin case there was sufficient z5 gas turned on to fill the mantle thenthere would be an excess of gas when the pressure increased. When themantle is not filled with a blue flame, the mantle will not give muchlight. When an excess of gas is used, more than to fill the mantle, theflame will burn on the outside of the side of the mantle, and therebydim the light to some extent, and, furthermore, such excess of flame isruinous to the mantles, chimneys, and shades and a 5 waste of fuel. Aswill be seen by the specification and drawings, I have overcome thesedifficulties. I can regulate and set the machine so as to obtain anydesired pressure. The machine may be started with two pounds pressure,and if the same is set for fifteen pounds it willautomaticallyincreaseuntil it reaches fifteen pounds; but it will not exceed fifteen poundsby an ounce, nor will it get below fifteen pounds more than one-half apound 3 until all the gasolene in the tank is exhausted. The properamount of pressure may be pumped into the tank and then the pressurewould not increase.

Another advantageous result of one of the features of my invention isthat I prevent the leakage of gasolene from the needle-openings"trolling means.

and am able to use a tank of any desired shape, which simplifies theconstruction.

The several features of my invention will be apparent from the followingdescription 5 f; and claims, and the various advantages re sulting fromtheir use conjoint-1y or otherwise will be more fully apparent from thefollowing description and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, making part of this application, and-inwhich similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure1, Sheet 1, is a plan view of mechanism illustrating my invention, thegas-delivery pipes above the main body of the apparatus being removed.Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a front elevation of the same, the gasdelivery pipesbeing present. Fig. 3, Sheet 3, is a vertical partial section drawn toan enlarged scale and taken in the plane indi 7o cated by line 3 3 ofFig. 1. Fig. 4, Sheet 3, is an enlarged partial vertical section takenthrough one of the retorts in the plane indicated by the line 4 4 ofFig. 1. Fig. 5, Sheet 3, is an enlarged partial section taken verticallythrough the upper part of the righthand retort in the plane indicated bythe line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6, Sheet 1, is an enlarged detail viewshowing the mechanism for controlling the supply of gas to the subburnerSo from the pressure in the fuel tank or reservoir. Fig. 7, Sheet 1, isa View similar to Fig. 6, but showing the valve-casing in section toillustrate the arrangement of the valve therein. Fig. 8, Sheet 2, is anenlarged detail view showing the construction of the subburner. Fig. 9,Sheet- 3, is an enlarged de-,

tailed View showing the construction of the valve controlling thesubburner. Fig. 10,

Sheet 4, is an under side or inverted plan view of the entire device.Fig. 11, same sheet, is a section taken vertically through Sheet 2, is afragmentary sectional view showing a modified form of the means forcontrolling the generation from the variation in pres- I sure in thereservoir. Fig. 14, Sheet 2, is a view showing still another form ofthis con- Fig. 15, Sheet 2, is a. top

view of the dial accompanying the indexpointer of the valve of thegenerator.'

The reservoir is preferably made cylindrical and of small diameter, sothat it may stand considerable pressure. For the sake of convenience andcompactness and to secure economy of room I prefer when more than twogallons capacity is required to employ two reservoirs and to so unitethese that they shall actas one reservoir.

In the drawings, A indicates a reservoir, and A a second reservoir. Eachreservoir is to contain gasolene or coal-oil. I so connect thesecylinders that the gaseous pressure in each above the gasolene shall bethe same and that the height of gasolene in each shall be alike. The airtube or pipe A connects the top of the air or gaseous space in onereservoir A with the top of the air or gaseous space in the otherreservoir A I provide a tube A which communicates with the bottom ofreservoir A and the bottom of reservoir A Thus the liquid in eachreservoir will stand at a common level. In the reservoir A is a pipe Awhich extends from the bottom of the reservoir nearly to the top of thesame. Thus the top of the pipe A is always in the air-space of thereservoir. The bottom of the pipe makes a close joint with the bottom ofthe reservoir, so that no liquid can leak out of the reservoir or intothe pipe. The bottom of this pipe communicates'with a pipe A in turncommunicating with a suitable air-pu mp A A suitable valve A (clear1yshown in Figs. 2 and 10) allows air to be forced into the reservoirthrough the pipe A The valve can be closed to prevent any air fromreturning through this pipe. The reservoirs are duly supported. In thepresent illustrative instance there are for this purpose at each end ofreservoir A uprights A having a concave band between them. Upon thisband the end of the reservoir is secured. A strap A over the reservoirand secured to the uprights serves to hold the reservoir to the uprightsand the band. The second reservoir may be supported, as shown, by theconnections A and A to the reservoir A.

B indicates the initial burner, which receives its carbureted air fromthe reservoir. In the present instance it receives this carbureted airfrom the reservoir A but it may receive such carbureted air from thereservoir A. The tube or pipe'B conveys such carburated air or aeratedfuel to the initial illustration the generator 0 is the one close j tothe initial burner. The generators O, 0

i D for capillary attraction.

and C are each preferably constructed as follows: There is a cylinder D,which at its lower end carries the cylindrical sleeve D screwed thereto.To this sleeve D at its lower end, is secured, preferably by a screw, aplug D and the latter carries the downward projection D. On thisprojection is located the needle brace and dial H as seen in Fig. 15.The screw-piece D screwed into the projection D by means of its enlargedhead, holds the needle brace and dial securely in place on theprojection D Onto the upper end of this cylinder D is secured a discaltop D whose annular flange D is screwed to the top of cylinder D. Thegenerator C is constructed substantially thesame as generator C omittingthe needle-valve and its special accompaniments. The generators C and Oare connected at the top by pipe A as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 10.When thus connected, generator 0 does not need a special needle-valve H,which it otherwise would have. The generator 0 has the needle-valve H,and this needle-valve will operate for both generators. Some of the gasgenerated in generator 0 will pass through pipe A and out of theexit-orifice H This generator C is for the purpose of generating moregas, part of which goes into the gasolene-tank by conduit A to generatemore pressure or to keep up the pressure and part of it to be utilizedfor other purposes.

Within the cylinder D of the generator is located a cylinder D and thiscylinder is covered within and without with an envelop Such envelop ismade of cotton wicking or other absorbent material. The wicking D is soarranged in jthe cylinder D and said cylinder is so arranged that thelower end of said wicking stands substantially level with the bottom orbelow the level of the bottom of the tank or reservoir and the upper endof said wicking below the orifice D. The cylinder D is slitted forconvenience of winding the wickwing thereon, and it carries the wickingD The cylinder D and the wicking D thereon The bottom of the wicking iselevated, as shown, above the mouth of the tube or pipe A to preventaccumulations of sediment, and thereby stopping up this pipe A The topof the wicking is held at or below the bottom of the orifice D toprevent accumulation of sediment in the latter orifice. It will beunderstood that the upper part of the space within the generator is dulyconnected by a pipe A with the gas-space of the reservoir, this pipe Abeing connected to orifice D of the generator. In the present instancethe pipe A also connects generators C and 0 The preferred mode of makingsuch connection is indicated in Fig. 5. The pipe A may make an 'elbow,as shown, in connecting the reservoir and the generator. The bottom ofthe reservoir is duly connected to the bottom portion of the generatorby means of a pipe A. Thus air with or without vapor is free to passthrough pipe A from the reservoir to the generator, or vice versa, andliquid (gasolene or coal-oil) is free to pass from the reservoir to thegenerator. Consequently the liquid in the generator and reservoir willstand at the same level.

H indicates a needle-valve point, and H the screw-shank of the valve.

ll indicates the cylindrical portion, having a screw-thread for engagingthe screw-thread of the valve and extended to constitute the valve-seatand embrace a portion of the valveshank.

H indicates the valve seat and the exitorifice thereof beyond the valve,but controlled by the latter. The space H beneath the seat H is. dulyconnected, substantially as shown, by a pipe H with the upper portion ofthe space within the generator. The valve is operated by a suitablehandle H The valve-rod H is duly braced by a projection H and which notonly serves for a brace, but also for a dial, thereby enabling thebandle of the valve to be turned to the extent necessary to regulate thesize of the opening H of the needle-valve. In the present illustrativeinstance this brace H is carried by.

the plug D of the generator and is secured there by the head of thescrew-piece D The customary stuffing-box H is present to prevent the gasfrom leaking past the needlevalve shank H The needle-valve exit-orificeH opens into the lower part of areceiver K. For advantageous arrangementI have located the receiver upon the generator, and the latter is madeto support the former. For instance, the receiver rests upon the top Dof the cylinder D of the generator. This top D has a stud Dprojectingvertically upward, and as arranged this stud projects throughthe bottom of the receiver K. A bolt D passes down through the receiverand is screwed into the stud D and thus secures the receiver firmly tothe generator. The receiver is adapted to receive or intake air fromwithout, and to this end one or both ends may be open and for protectionfrom dust and the like he covered with a screen of gauze or wire-nettingK For convenient removal and replacement this screen K is connected to asleeve K arranged to slide upon or preferably, as shown, within the endsof the receiver, a flange K on the sleeve limiting the movement of thesleeve into the receiver. Where only one end of the receiver carries ascreen K the other is closed, but is preferably provided with a thimbleK arranged to slide onto or preferably into the end of the receiver. Anadvantage of such a device as a thimble consists in the fact that it isremovable and when desired can be quickly removed and allow ready accessto the needlepoint for cleaning the same. It is not necessary to have ascreen on each end of the receiver. All that is necessary is that thereis sufficient screen to allow a free access of air, which for a smallnumber of burners can be accomplished with one screen. In the drawings,Fig. 5, the receiver is shown at one end provided with a screen and atthe other with a thimble. The same receiver similarly provided is shownat the right-hand side of Fig. 1. In the latter figure the left-handreceiver is shown provided at each end with a screen,- as it is intendedto mix sufficient air with the vapor from two generators. In case onlyone generator is used or the machine has only one generator the'latterwill be the one shown at the right hand in Fig. 1-viz., the one locatedin proximity to the initial burner B.

It is to be understood that the number of generators and receivers is tobe increased according to the number of burners in the building which isto be supplied with light.

Each generator is duly supplied with a subfiame-burner, which may be ofany preferred construction. As herein shown, the construction of saidburner is as follows: Around the cylinder D is located a subflame-burnercup E. The chamber E of this burner-cup has at top suitable braces R E,and upon these braces is located a coil of corrugated metal E heldbetween an inner annular wall E and an outer wall E and serving as portsfor the outlet of gas for subflame-burner. A tube E connects theburner-cup chamber E with a valve-chamber E containing a suitable valveE The preferred kind of valve is of the register form, (see Fig. 9,) andthe wings of this valve are caused to close or uncover the openings E ofthe diaphragm E by means of a rod E connected to the valve, andjournaled in this diaphragm F. and passing through and beyond the outerend of the valve-chamber and there (beyond the chamber) operated by ahandle E This valve controls the flow of commingled air and vapor from-the gas delivery pipe M through the pipe M which enters thevalve-chamber E, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 10. It is to beunderstood that no valve is needed for that subflame-burner which is inconjunction with the initial burner, as that burner should always be inoperation.

Directly above the needle-valve is a commingling tube or pipe M, thelower portion of which extends down into the receiver K. This tube M issecured in a suitable manner, preferably, as shown, by being screwedinto a standard K fixed on the top of the receivingchamber K. Higher upthis tube M enlarges in a tube or pipe M of greater diame-' ter. It isthis latter pipe which carries the carbureted air to the service-pipesof the building. The service-pipes in turn convey the carbureted air tothe burners, and they are provided with mantles or other incandescentmaterial when the burners are to be used for illuminating purposes. Thereceivingchamber K may be varied in form and when of certain shapes thetube M need not extend down below its roof. This would ordinarily be thecase where the shape of the receiver is broad and fiat. Means other thanreceiver K may be used for preventing the products of combustion fromthe subflame entering into the tube M. Such a device may be upon thewell-known plan used in many gasolene-stoves, where the gas-exit fromthe generator is several inches away from the horizontal line of thegenerator. The products of combustion going upward will when the deviceis so constructed not enter the commingling-tube.ThetubeMcanbeconstructed in any desired way-that is, the tube M may bevaried in conformation and it may only reach to the top of the receiver.It should be in line with the axis of the orifice H and be eitherperforated at the side close to this orifice or it should set the properdistance away from it, so as to allow suflicient air" to be entrained.

M represents a return-pipe joined at its upper end to pipe M as shown,and extending down by a tubular extension or pipe M to an automaticvalve N. This valve operates against an opening M communicating at oneside with the pipe or passage M and onthe other side with the chamber Min turn communicating with the pipe or passage M in turn communicatingwith the pipe M which latter communicates with each of the subburnersheretofore described. The valve N regulates the flow of gas, 850.,through the opening M Thevalve N has an arm N fixed to a pivot Njournaled as shown, and this pivot passes through the wall of chamber Mto the outside thereof and is there provided with an arm N Whose freeend has an opening N which receives and holds the end of a rod N,connecting the free end of the lever with a stud or-screw-bolt N whosescrew threaded portion N after passing through the closed end of thehollow spring N at N is adjustably secured in place by the nut N screwedon portion N The spring N consists of a flat hollow rod curved. Such rodis preferably made as follows: A tube made of sheet metal is flattened,so that it is about four times broader than it is thick. This tube isthen curved, so that it makes a portion of a circle, substantially asshown. One end N of this tube is fixed to a stationary support,preferably, as shown, to a wall -M, which is the rear wall of thevalve-casing M and which may as in the present illustrative instance,constitute a part of the wall of the reservoir A. This end of the tubeconnects the interior of the tube with the interior of the reservoir.The other end part of this tube terminates in a rod N angulated asshown, and its extreme end part extends through an opening through thevalve-casing M and is free to slide longitudinally forth and back inthis opening as the tube expands or contracts. Those service-pipes M andM orifice is put out.

which are connected with the receiver K which is at the left in Figs. 1and 2 or with any receiver K other than the one which is to feed thepipe M do not need a pipe M and are to operate without the addition ofsuch a branch pipe M These facts will become more fully apparent upon aperusal of the description of the general mode of operation. Thisoperation is as follows:

In the present instance it will be understood that when the wordreservoir ismentioned it is understood to include all of thecompartmentssuch as A, A and the like going to make up a conjointreservoir. Furthermore, the term gasolene will be held for the purposesof specification to include coal-oil and the like. I

The reservoir is filled with gasolene and to the height preferably towithin one-half an inch from the top. Air is now pumped into the tank bythe air-pump, and the air therein is thereby compressed as desired. Thevalve of the initial heat-burner B is now opened.

Air in the reservoir in moving will pass over the gasolene therein andwill absorb vapor. Part of the air will pass through the pipe A to therear vessel A The requisite air charged with gasolenevapor will passthrough pipe B to the initial burner B. There the escaping carburetedair is ignited and heats the generator 0. The pumping of air into theres?roir is continued until the generator 0 is so ently heated togenerate gas from liquid contained in the wicking D The needle-valve His opened, and the generated vapor coming from the orifice H isdelivered into the commingling-tube M and by means of its rapid'andforceful escape from the valve H in an upward direction entrains the airwith it. The air and gas will thus cornmingle and pass up thedelivery-pipe M and pass out of the illuminating-burners in the buildingor structure to be lighted. Such burners VV (shown in Fig. 2 of thedrawings) should be opened before opening the valve D down through thepipe M and past the valve N and into the valve-chamber -M thence throughpipe M into pipe M thence through chamber E and into the subfiame-burnercup E and out of the perforations R E, and there it.will ignite from thelighted initial heat-burner. The initial burner B is now turned elf, andthus the combustion at its More air is pumped into the reservoir untilthe pressure will expand the hollow spring N and cause the latter topartially close valve N, which is indicated by the subfiame at theburner E E getting lower. Now the condition of the apparatus is, thereis a flame burning on the first generator 0. If it is desired to useonly a limited number of lights, the valves E E of the generators C andC are kept closed. In such event the service-pipe M is the only one inuse. In the event of its being desired to use lights on the otherservice-pipes then Some of the carbureted air will also pass pressure.

the valve E 01? generator 0 should be turned on to heat the generator 0.When the latter is sufficiently heated to generate gas, then theneedle-valve H adjacent to this generator should be opened. In casegenerator 0 does not generate sufiicient carbureted vapor then valve Eof generator 0 should be turned on. All gas generated in excess of theamount used or discharged by the needle-valves H H passes through thepipes A into the reservoir. This gas being hot will heat the reservoir,thereby expanding the contents of the reservoir. Such heating willcreate more V The pressure will act on spring N and thereby cutdown thesupply of gas to the subfiame by way of the valve N, the latter cuttingdown the subflame, and thereby preventing too much pressure. As thegasolene is used out of this reservoir it is necessary to maintain aconstant (the same) pressure of carbureted air therein, that the.

apparatus may properly operate. As will be seen, it is necessary to thisend that the contents of the reservoir be expanded in proportion to theamount of liquid used out of the tank; otherwise the pressure woulddecrease and some one must very often go to the airpump and use it. Oneof the principal objects of certain features of my invention is tomaintain an almost uniform pressure automatically. As will be observed,such automatic generation and maintenance of desired pressure isaccomplished automatically as pressure is reduced in the reservoir byreason of the consumption of gasolene. As the gasolene is consumed andthe pressure in the reservoir is reduced the spring N contracts and theend at N approaches the end at N and opens the valve N, therebyenlarging the subfiame or subflames. The spring is so delicatelyadjusted and so responsive that a difference of one pound of pressure inthe reservoir will open the valve out full. 0onsequently the degree ofpressure will not vary one pound as long as sufiicient gas is generatedto supply the burners and heat the reservoir and expand its contents inproportion to the amount of gasolene consumed.

The function of the wicking D as disposed relative to the generator itaccompanies is of the first importance. It is to be.observed that therelation of the generator to the tank is, in general, the constructionshown in the Letters Patent of the United States No. 603,452, dated May3, 1898, issued to George B. Murrell; .but by my improvement in thefurnishing and the construction and the disposition of the wicking andthe form of the generator I am enabled to make the reservoir of agreater depth than could be done with the device of Letters Patent No.603,452. The wicking which I place in the generator takes up thegasolene and carries it to the top portion of the generator, no matterat what height therein the liquid may stand. Because of thisadvantageous capacity for extra depth the machine can be much moreconveniently constructed. The shallow reservoir (old style) if made inthe shape of a square pan is too weak to Withstand pressure and if madeof small tubes requires too much space and is too cumbersome. It is tobe observed that my improved construction admits of my placing thegenerator above the tank and allowing the wick to hang (extend) down tothe bottom of the tank. The Wick-ing will continue to draw up thegasolene. The generator in such a location would have an open bottom andwould be secured to the top of the tank.

In order to use the riser-pipe, which has no return-pipe M it isnecessary to have either one or more burners in use on the line whichhas the return-pipe. The reason is that when the subiiame is cut down bymeans of the hollow spring and valve the gas must have an outletsomewhere. If there were no burners in useil they were all closedthenthe gas would have to come out of the air-inlet when out ofi by theregulating-valve, which would cause the subflaine to smoke.

In some cases a modified construction of regulator for the automaticcontrol of the subfiame may be desirable, and such may be providedwithout material departure from the principles and spirit of myinvention. For example, in Fig. 13 I have shown a regulator wherein thevalve N is controlled from an elastic diaphragm T, one side of which issubject to the pressure from the tank or reservoir and is by the rise ofsuch pressure pressed outward, so as to operate the valve to regulatethe supply of air and gas to the subflames.

In Fig. 14: another form of regulator is shown, comprising a tube S,containing mercury and bent in U form. One arm of the tube is incommunication with the interior of the tank or reservoir, and the otherarm of said tube has a float S connected to valve N. By this means therise of pressure in the tank or reservoir acts on the mercury in tube S,raising the float S and moving valve N to out down the supply of air andvapor to the subburner.

For convenience and simplicity I cause the tank to be heated by thesurplus gas generated by the generator. This may, however, be done inother ways. The limitation and operation to be observed are that theflame which heats the tank is to be controlled and regulated byagovernor, and thereby control the pressure.

WhatI claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is- 1. In a gas-machine, the combination of a generator havingabsorbent material and being so arranged that the absorbent material isin communication with the gasolene supplied from the tank, a tankair-tight so that an air-pressure can be created therein; acouduitsuitably arranged from the top of the generator to the top of the tank,gas-exits located in said generator, and means vfor maintaining thelevel of the gasolene in the IIO generator at a point below thegas-exits, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a gas-machine, the combination of a gasolene-tank connected to thegenerator, suitable means for conveying the gasolene from tank intogenerator, suitable means for heating the generator, a generator havinga gas-exit and suitable means for utilizing this gas to heat thecontents of the gasolene-tank for generating pressure therein, suitablemeans whereby the pressure in the tark will regulate the heating meansof this tank, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a gas-machine, the combination of a tank connected toa generator,gas-exit in said generator located at a higher level than the gasolenein the tank, absorbent material in said generator to convey the gasolenesupplied from the tank to a given height in the generator, a conduit orpassage-way from the upper part of the generator, into an air or gaseousspace of the tank, commingling-tube in line with the gas or vapor exits,the gasdelivery pipe having one or more burners, subflaine-burner, apipe leading from the gas delivery pipe to the subfiame-burner, a valvewhich is closed or partially closed by pressure in the tank when acertain pressure has been reached, and opened when the pressure has beendiminished and through which the gas must pass to get to thesubfiame-burner,

substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a gas-machine, the combination of a tank connected to a generator,a gas-exit in said generator, located at a higher level than thegasolene in tank, suitable means for con- "per part of the generatorintothe air or gaseous space of the tank, commingling-tube in line with thegas or vapor exit, a gas-delivery pipe having one or more burners, asubflameburner, a pipe leading from the gas-delivery pipe to thesubflame-burner, a valve, which is closed or partially closed bypressure in the tank when a certain pressure has been reached and openedwhen the pressure has been diminished through which gas must pass to getto the subflame-burner, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a gas-machine, the combination of a gaso1ene-tank,a generator andsuitable means for heating same, one or more gas-exits in saidgenerator, supply-pipe for one or more burners, branch pipe leading fromthe supply-pipe to the subfiame-burner, subfiameburner suitably arrangedto heat the contents of the gasolene-tank, a valve controlled .by thepressure in said tank to increase the supply of gas to thesubfiame-burner when the pressure is low and to decrease the supply ofgas to the subflame-burner when the desired pressure has been reached,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator, a tank or reservoir for containing theliquid hydrocarbon, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon from the tankor reservoir to the lower part of the generator, a pipe atfordingcommunication between the upper part of the generator and the upper partof the tank or reservoir, means for creating pressure in the generatorand tank, a subburner for heating the upper part of the generator, and adevice in the generator for maintaining the liquid hydrocarbon at agiven level in the generator, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

7. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator having means for discharging hydrocarbonvapor from it, devices for collecting such discharged vapor and formixing the same with air, a tank or reservoir for contain ing the liquidhydrocarbon, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon from the tank orreservoir to the lower part of the generator, a subbu rner for heatingthe upper part of the generator, a device in the generator for elevatingthe liquid hydrocarbon up to the point in the generator which is heatedby said subburner, and a pipe affording communication between the upperpart of the generator and the upper part of the tank or reservoir,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator having means for discharging hydrocarbonVapor from it, devices for collecting such discharged vapor and formixing the same with air, a tank or reservoir for containing the liquidhydrocarbon, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon from the tank orreservoir to the generator, said supplying means and tank or reservoirbeing arranged and adapted to afford a varying level of the liquidhydrocarbon within the generator, a subburner for heating the generator,a device in the generator for elevating the liquid hy drocarbon to thefront in the generator which is heated by said subburner, and means fordischarging vapor from the generator to the tank or reservoir,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator, provided with means for discharging vaporfrom it, a tank or reservoir for supplying liquid hydrocarbon to thegenerator, means for maintaining equivalent pressures in the generatorand in the tank, a subburner for heating the generator, and meanscontrolled by the pressure in the tank or reservoir, for supplyinghydrocarbon to said subburner, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

10. In an apparatus for supplying gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a gen erator provided with means for discharging vaporfrom it, a tank or reservoir for supplying liquid hydrocarbon to thegenerator, means for maintaining equivalent pressures in the generatorand the tank or reservoir, a

subburner for heating the generator, means forsupplyin g hydrocarbon tosaid subburner, and a device actuated from the variation in pressureWithin the tank or reservoir, and arranged to control the said meanssupplying hydrocarbon to the subburner, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

11. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator provided with means for discharging vaporfrom it, a tank or reservoir forsupplying liquid hydrocarbon to thegenerator, means for maintaining equivalent pressures in the generatorand in the tank or reservoir, a subburner for heating the generator, apipe forsupplying hydrocarbon to said subburner, a valve controlling theflow of hydrocarbon through the pipe, and a device actuated from thevariations in pressure within the tank or reservoir and arranged toactuate the said valve, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

12. In an apparatus forgenerating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator having means for discharging hydrocarbonvapor from it, devices for collecting such discharged vapor and formixing the same with air, a tank or reservoir for containing the liquidhydrocarbon, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon from the tank orreservoir to the generator, means for maintaining equivalent pressuresin the generator and in the tank or reservoir, a subburner for heatingthe generator, and means controlled from the variations in pressure inthe tank or reservoir, for supplying hydrocarbon to the subburner,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon, thecombination of a generator provided with means for discharging vaporfrom it, a tank or reservoir for supplying liquid hydrocarbon to thegenerator, means for maintaining equivalent pressures in the tank orreservoir and in the generator, means for collecting the vapordischarged from the generator and for mixing such discharged vapor withair, a service-pipe through which said mixed vapor and air is adaptedfor passage, a subburner for heating the generator, a pipe leading fromthe service-pipe to the subburner, and a device actuated from thevariations in pressure in the tank or reservoir and arranged to controlthe flow of vapor and air through the last-named pipe to the subburner,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

14. In an apparatus for generating gas from liquid hydrocarbon,thecombination of a generator having an orifice for the discharge ofhydrocarbon vapor, devices for collecting such discharged vapor and formixing the same with air, a valve controlling the discharge-orifice ofthe generator, a tank or reservoir for supplying liquid hydrocarbon tothe generator, means for maintaining equivalent pressures in the tank orreservoir and in the generator, a service-pipe arranged to receive thedischarged vapor and air from the mixing and collecting devices, asubburnerfor heating the generator, a pipe leading from the service-pipeto the subburner, and a device actuated from the variations in pressurein the tank or reservoir and arranged to con trol the flow of vapor andair through the last-named pipe to the subburner, substantially as andfor the purposes specified.

15. In a gas-machine, the combination of a ga-solene-tank connected tothe generator, suitable means for conveying the gasolene from tank intogenerator, suitable means for heating the generator, a generator havinga gas-exit, suitable means whereby the pressure in the tank willregulate the heating means of the generator and the tank, sub stantiallyas and for the purposes specified.

16. In a gas-machine, the combination of a gasolene-tank connected tothe generator, a suitable means for conveying the gasolene from the tankinto generator, suitable means for heating the generator-,a generatorhaving tWo gas-exits, suitable means for utilizing the gas discharged atone of the exits for heating the contents of the gasolene-tank andgenerating more pressure, and suitable means whereby the pressure in thetank will regulate the heating means of the generator and the tank,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

17. In an apparatus for generating gas, the combination of a generatorhaving a gas-exit, and provided with a heating device, a reservoirconnected to the generator and adapted to hold gas under pressure andmechanism actuated from the variations in pressure within the reservoirand arranged to control the heating device of the generator, and meansfor enabling the hot gas or Vapor from the generator to heat the tank,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

18. In an apparatus for generating gas, the combination of a generatorhaving a gas-exit and provided with a heating device, having means forsupplying it with gas from the generator-exit, a reservoir connected tothe generator and adapted to hold gas under pressure, and mechanismactuated from the variations in gas-pressure within the reservoir andarranged to control the heating device of the generator, and means forenabling the hot gas or vapor from the generator to heat the tank,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

19. An apparatus for generating gas comprising a generator, a reservoir,a burnerpipe, connections between said parts, and mechanism, actuatedfrom variations in pressure within the apparatus, for controlling theoperation of the generator, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

20. An apparatus for generating gas comprising a generator, a reservoir,connections between said parts whereby equal pressures are maintainedtherein, burnerpipe,- and mechanism, actuated from variations inpressure within the apparatus, for controlling the operation of thegenerator, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

21. An apparatus for generating gas comprising a generator, a heatingdevice therefor, a reservoir, a burner-pipe, connections between saidparts whereby gas is supplied from the generator to the other parts, andmechanism, actuatedfrom variations in pressure within the apparatus, forcontrolling the connection of the heating device, substantially as andfor the purposes specified.

22. In an apparatus for generating gas, the combination of a generatorhaving a gas-exit, and provided with a heating device, a reservoirconnected to the generator and adapted to hold gas under pressure, avalve controlling the heating device for the generator, and mechanism,actuated from the variations in gas-pressure within the reservoir and arranged to control the valve of the heating device, substantially as andfor the purposes specified.

23. An apparatus for generating gas comprising two generators eachhaving a gas-exit and means actuated from the gas discharged at the eXitof one generator for regulating the operation of the other generator,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

24. In an apparatus for generating gas, the combination of a tank andgenerator, a service-pipe adapted to receive vapor and air from thegenerator, burners adapted to receive the enriched gas or vapor' fromthe service-pipe, said burners being for general 'use, means for heatingthe contents of the tank, and means actuated from variations of thepressure in the tank for controlling the heating means, substantially asand for the purposes specified.

25. An apparatus for generating gas comprising two generators eachhaving a gas-exit and provided With a heating device and means actuatedfrom the gas discharged at the exit of one generator for controlling theheating device of the other generator, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

26. An apparatus for generating gas comprising a tank or reservoir, twogenerators each having a gas-exit, a connection between the gas-exit ofone generator and the tank or reservoir, a burner-pipe having connectionwith the gas-exit of the other generator, and means, actuated from thegas discharged at the exit of one generator for regulating theoperations of the other generator, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

27. In a gas-machine, the combination ofa gasolene-tank, a generatorhaving a gas-exit, supply-pipe for one or more burners, branch pipeleading from the supply-pipe to the subflame-burner, subflame-burnersuitably at ranged to heat the contents of the gasolenetank, mechanismcontrolled by the pressure in said tank to increase the supply of gas tosubflame-burner when the pressure is low and to decrease the supply ofgas to the subflame-burner when the desired pressure has been reached,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

28. In an apparatus for generating gas, the combination of a generatorhaving a gas-exit, a reservoir connected to the generator, and adaptedto hold gas under pressure, and mechanism actuated from the variationsin pressure within the reservoir and arranged to control the operationof the generator,

substantially as and for the purposes specified.

29. In a gas-machine, the combination of a tank connected to a generatorand so constructed that a pressure can be created there- 7

